| The Content Variation of Natural Product Induced by Different Factor(s) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Species Name: Dalbergia odorifera | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Factor Name: NaCl Treatment; Acetic Acid Treatment; H2O2 Treatment | [1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experiment Detail |
A 5-year-old D. odorifera plantation located in Xiashi Arboretum (22° 60′ N, 106° 53′ E), Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR) was selected for this study. Three chemicals used were: 0.1 mol /L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 1.0 mol/L (pH=2.4) acetic acid (CH3COOH) and 1.0 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl). Distilled water was injected as a control. Sixty trees of similar size, all without heartwood were selected for a single-tree plot experiment with 15 replicates for each treatment. A tiny drill was used to detect which trees have or don't have heartwood. In May 2017, an injection hole of 1 cm diameter and 5 cm deep was drilled at a downward angle of 45 ℃ at 1.3 m from the ground on each tree. An amount of 50 ml solution was injected into each tree over 8 h period with a 5 ml syringe, and the hole was sealed with a cork after injection. Five trees per treatment were harvested at one, three and six months after injection treatment. At the same time, three trees with heartwood were selected to collect natural heartwood.
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| Factor Function |
Hydrogen peroxide-induced Jiang Xiang was closest to natural heartwood, and the essential oil components met the standards for high-quality Jiang Xiang, while the induction effects of acetic acid and sodium chloride were unsatisfactory. Thus, this study indicates that hydrogen peroxide has the potential to induce Jiang Xiang production in Dalbergia odorifera.
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| Factor | Part | Location | NP Content | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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0.1 mol/L H2O2(One month after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.41 %
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1.0 mol/L acetic acid (One month after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.24 %
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1.0 mol/L NaCl (One month after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.33 %
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Control (One month after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 0.65 %
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0.1 mol/L H2O2(Three months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 2.25 %
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1.0 mol/L acetic acid (Three months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.44 %
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1.0 mol/L NaCl (Three months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 2.17 %
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Control (Three months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 0.44 %
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0.1 mol/L H2O2(Six months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.14 %
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1.0 mol/L acetic acid (Six months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 2.45 %
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1.0 mol/L NaCl (Six months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 1.43 %
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Control (Six months after treatment)
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 0.53 %
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Natural heartwood
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heartwood | Pingxiang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China |
NP Content: 0.53 %
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| Species Name: Teucrium chamaedrys | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Factor Name: Locality Variation | [2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Experiment Detail |
The aerial parts of T. chamaedrys were collected at the flowering stage in June 2004 near Corti, Corsica, France and near Oristano, Sardinia, Italy
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| Factor Function |
The Corsican and Sardinian oils of T. chamaedrys investigated in this study were qualitatively similar but they differed by the amount of their major components. The major components were beta-caryophyllene (29.0% and 27.4%, respectively) and germacrene D (19.4% and 13.5%, respectively), followed by alpha-humulene (6.8%) and delta-cadinene (5.4%) in the Corsican oil and by caryophyllene oxide (12.3%) and alpha-humulene (6.5%) in the Sardinian oil. These quantitative differences are also noticeable on the amounts of the different class compounds. Especially, the monoterpene hydrocarbons amounted for 10.3% and 4.1% in Sardinian and Corsican oils respectively and the oxygenated sesquiterpenes amounted for 18.9% and only 7.4% in both oils, respectively. Both oils were qualitatively rather similar in comparison with those reported in the literature from various geographic regions. However, among the 87 components identified in this study, 47 minor components (< 0.6%) reported were identified for the first time in T. chamaedrys oil. This study confirms the quantitative variability of the major components according to the plant origin.
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| Factor | Part | Location | NP Content | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Locality: Corti, Corsica, France
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Aerial parts | France |
NP Content: 0.1 %
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