Collection of the plants A. conyzoides L. was carried after careful scrutiny of the area around the department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics (MMG), University of the Punjab, Lahore. For pre-culture, 2 × 200 ml GYM broth was prepared and pH was adjusted to 7.8. Inoculation was done by adding agar blocks cut from well grown plates. Linear shaking incubation was done at 180 rpm for 3 days at 28 ℃. For crude extract preparation, 2 × 300 m/L of GYM broth for each strain was prepared and the pH was adjusted to 7.8 with 1 N NaOH and 1 N HCl. For each strain duplicate flasks were prepared and two flasks were kept for negative control. The prepared media were autoclaved at 121 ℃ for 20 min. Each flask was inoculated with the 10% pre-culture and incubated at 180 rpm on linear shakers for 3 days at 28 ℃.