Details of Natural Product (NP)

General Information of Natural Product (ID: NP1267)
  Natural Product Name
Violaxanthin
  Synonyms
Violaxanthin; 126-29-4; all-trans-Violaxanthin; Zeaxanthin diepoxide; UNII-51C926029A; trans-Violaxanthin; 51C926029A; (1R,3S,6S)-6-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1S,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-3-ol; (3S,5R,6S,3'S,5'R,6'S)-5,6,5',6'-DIEPOXY-5,6,5',6'- TETRAHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3'-DIOL; (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'S)-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol; beta,beta-Carotene-3,3'-diol, 5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-, (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'S)-; (9Z)-Violaxanthin; 13-cis-Violaxanthin; SCHEMBL97720; CHEBI:35288; E 161e; DTXSID901016934; ZINC8221270; Violaxanthin, >=90.0% (HPLC); 5,6:5',6'-Diepoxy-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-beta-carotene-3,3'-diol; LMPR01070282; DB03460; C08614; Q607883; 5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRIDIN-2-YL]ACETONITRILE; 09958A8F-4AFE-43DB-9034-C562F62D8ABD; 5,6,5',6'-diepoxy-5,6,5',6'-tetrahydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol; (3S,3'S,5R,5'R, 6S,6'S)-5,6:5',6'-Diepoxy-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol; (3S,3'S,5R,5'R,6S,6'S)-5,6:5',6'-diepoxy-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol; (3S,5R,6S,3'S,5'R,6'S)-5,6,5',6'-DIEPOXY-5,6,5',6'-TETRAHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3'-DIOL; 26927-07-1
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  Formula C40H56O4
  Weight 600.9
  Structure Could Not Find 2D Structure
3D Structure Download 2D Structure Download
  InChI InChI=1S/C40H56O4/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-39-35(5,6)25-33(41)27-37(39,9)43-39)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-40-36(7,8)26-34(42)28-38(40,10)44-40/h11-24,33-34,41-42H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t33-,34-,37+,38+,39-,40-/m0/s1
  InChI Key SZCBXWMUOPQSOX-WVJDLNGLSA-N
  Isomeric SMILES C/C(=C\\C=C\\C=C(\\C=C\\C=C(\\C=C\\[C@@]12O[C@@]1(C[C@H](CC2(C)C)O)C)/C)/C)/C=C/C=C(/C=C/[C@@]34O[C@@]3(C[C@H](CC4(C)C)O)C)\\C
  Canonical SMILES CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC12C(CC(CC1(O2)C)O)(C)C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC34C(CC(CC3(O4)C)O)(C)C
  External Links PubChem ID 448438
CAS ID 126-29-4

 The Content Variation of Natural Product Induced by Different Factor(s)
      Species Name: Rubus idaeus
  Factor Name: Cultivar Comparison; Organic Fertilization; Traditional Fertilization [1]
              Species Info Factor Info
               Experiment Detail
The experiment was carried out in 2013. Leaves of five raspberry cultivars ('Polana', 'Polka', 'Tulameen', 'Laszka' and 'Glen Ample') were collected at the time of cultivation. Three organic and neighborhood conventional farms were used for experimental purposes. From one cultivar (one field plot), 3-4 plants were chosen, which were analyzed separately. One sample consisted of 10 leaves. The farm was treated as a replication. [organic farm no. 1 Localization: akroczym(52° 26″ N 20° 36″ E), Type of Soil: sandy middle soil IVa and IVb category (15% floatable particles) pH 5.5, Kind of Fertilizer: cow manure, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: 35 t/ha one year before raspberry planting, Plant Protection System: Grevit 200 SL; organic farm no. 2 Localization: Zaluski (52° 37″ N 20° 22″ E), Type of Soil: sandy middle soil, sandy-clay IV category (20% floatable particles), pH 5.5, Kind of Fertilizer:cow manure, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: 30 t/ha one year before raspberry planting, Plant Protection System: no protection; organic farm no. 3 Localization: Radzanow(51° 33″ N 20° 51″ E), Type of Soil: sandy middle soil IVa and III category (10% floatable particles), pH 6.0, Kind of Fertilizer:sheep manure, green manure, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: 10 t/ha and 15 t/ha one year before raspberry planting, Plant Protection System: Bioczos 33 SL, Grevit 200 SL; conventional farm no. 1 Localization: Czerwinsk nad Wisla (52° 23″ N 20° 20″ E), Type of Soil: sandy-loamy middle soil IV and III category (20% floatable particles), pH 5.5, Kind of Fertilizer: Hydrocomplex 12-11-18; Superba 8-11-36, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: (200 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha) in autumn a year before raspberry planting; 3 doses in time of cultivation, Plant Protection System: Signum 33 WG, Miros 20 SP; conventional farm no. 2 Localization: Czerwinsk nad Wisla (52° 23″ N 20° 20″ E), Type of Soil: sandy-loamy middle soil IV and III category (25% floatable particles), pH 5.5, Kind of Fertilizer: amonium nitrate, polyphosphate, magnesium sulphate, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: in autumn a year before raspberry planting; 3 doses in time of cultivation, Plant Protection System: Calypso 480 SC, Miros 20 SP, Zato 50 WG; conventional farm no. 3 Localization: Czerwinsk nad Wisla(52° 25″ N 20° 23″ E), Type of Soil: sandy-clay middle soil II and III category (20% floatable particles) pH 6.0, Kind of Fertilizer:Rosafert 5-12-24-3, Dose of Fertilizers and Time of Given: 250 kg/ha in autumn a year before raspberry planting; 4 doses in time of cultivation, Plant Protection System: Calypso 480 SC, Miros 20 SP, Zato 50 WG].
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               Factor Function
Compared with conventional raspberry leaves, organic raspberry leaves were characterized by a significantly higher content of dry matter, total polyphenols, total phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside; moreover, the organic leaves were characterized by higher antioxidant activity. Among examined cultivars, 'Polka' c. was characterized by the highest antioxidant status. However, raspberry leaves from conventional farms contained more total carotenoids, violaxanthin, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, total chlorophyll and individual forms of chlorophylls: a and b.
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               Factor Part Location NP Content
 
Cultivation System: organic farm
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.017 ± 0.001 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Cultivation System: conventional farm
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.026 ± 0.002 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Rubus idaeus cv. Polana
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.024 ± 0.002 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Rubus idaeus cv. Polka
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.024 ± 0.002 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Rubus idaeus cv. Tulameen
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.018 ± 0.001 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Rubus idaeus cv. Laszka
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.017 ± 0.001 mg/100g fresh weight
 
Rubus idaeus cv. Glen Ample
 Leaves Poland
NP Content: 0.025 ± 0.004 mg/100g fresh weight
References
1 Phenolics and Carotenoid Contents in the Leaves of Different Organic and Conventional Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L. ) Cultivars and Their In Vitro Activity