General Information of Factor (ID: FP055)
  Factor Name Cultivar Comparison; Seasonal Variation
  Factor Type Combined Factors; Environmental Conditions; Species Factors
  Factor Description
Each plant species can have a lot of cultivars, varieties, chemotypes, and accessions. A cultivar or variety difference in a plant refers to members of the same plant species that may differ in minor but heritable characteristics. For a specific plant cultivar, the internal quality is influenced by genetic differences and the surrounding environment. Cultivar variation affects the cellular structure, moisture content, sugar content, firmness, and the degree of stress resistance.
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Biosynthesis of bioactive phytochemicals in plant tissues is highly ordered and effective by harvesting times, including different developmental stages and seasonal changes. Both were complex factors in environmental variables that significantly regulate many physiological and behavioral processes, such as shifts in chemical and microbial rhizosphere community composition. Substantial differences in biological activities may also occur.
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 The Content Variation of Natural Product Induced by This Factor
      Species Name: Pelargonium graveolens L'Her.
          Species Info Click to show the detail information of this Factor
          Experiment Detail
One-month-old rooted stem cuttings of three rosescented geranium cultivars, namely Bourbon type, CIM-Pawan and Kelkar were transplanted at 50 × 50 cm plant spacing in the experimental field of Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center Purara, Uttarakhand, in October 2007. Plants were irrigated immediately after transplanting and further crops were raised following the normal agricultural practices needed to grow the plant. The experimental site is located between the coordinates 28° 60′ and 31° 29′ N, 77° 49′ and 80° 60 m E, and at an altitude of 1250 m in the Kattyur valley. Climatologically, it is categorized as a sub-temperate (1200-1700 m) zone, where monsoon usually breaks in June and continues up to September. Sampling of the rose-scented geranium cultivars was started from March 2008 and taken on the tenth of every month until February 2009. Samples were collected in triplicate in each season. (A, cv. Bourbon type; B, cv. CIM-Pawan; C, cv. Kelkar; I, spring season; II, summer season; III, rainy season;IV, autumn season; V, winter season).
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          Factor Function
The major components in the essential oil of cv. Bourbon type were geraniol (14.1-34.6%), citronellol (15.2-31.3%), linalool (2.9-9.2%), citronellyl formate (4.4-9.2%), isomenthone (4.5-6.6%), 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol (4.7-6.7%) and geranyl formate (3.8-6.2%). The dominant constituents of the cv. CIM-Pawan essential oil were geraniol (11.9-31.9%), citronellol (16.1-30.2%), citronellyl formate (5.2-8.9%), linalool (3.7-6.4%), isomenthone (4.0-6.3%), 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol (4.4-5.2%) and geranyl formate (4.3-5.0%). However, the chemical composition and odor of cv. Kelkar was quite different from the other two cultivars and the major components found in this oil were citronellol (51.0-63.4%) and isomenthone (9.8-17.8%).
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            (+)-Guaia-6,9-Diene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            (2S,4R)-4-Methyl-2-(2-Methylprop-1-En-1-Yl)Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.4 %
            (E)-Beta-Ocimene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
            (Z)-Beta-Ocimene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
            10-Epi-Gamma-Eudesmol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            2-[(2R,5S)-5-Ethenyl-5-Methyloxolan-2-Yl]Propan-2-Ol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
            Alpha-Pinene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
            Beta-Caryophyllene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
            Citral [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.9 %
            Citronellol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 16.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 18 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 19.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 15.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 31.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 25.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 21.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 18.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 16.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 30.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 63.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 63.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 55.2 %
            Citronellyl Acetate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.4 %
            Citronellyl Butyrate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
            Citronellyl Formate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 9.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 7.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 8.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
            Eucalyptol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
            Geraniol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 34.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 31.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 23.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 29.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 14.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 28.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 29.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 31.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 30.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 11.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
            Geranyl Acetate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
            Geranyl Butyrate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
            Geranyl Formate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 3.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5 %
            Geranyl Tiglate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
            Isomenthone [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 9.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 10.7 %
            Limonene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            Linalool [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 9.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 6.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 5.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 3.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
            Menthone [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
            Myrcene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
            Neral [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
            Nerol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
            P-Cymene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
            Phenethyl Tiglate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
            Phenyl 2-Ethylbutanoate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
            Trans-Linalool Oxide [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
            Trans-Rose Oxide [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bourbon type: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. CIM-Pawan: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: spring season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: summer season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
      Species Name: Thymus vulgaris
          Species Info Click to show the detail information of this Factor
          Experiment Detail
One-month-old rooted stem cuttings of three rosescented geranium cultivars, namely Bourbon type, CIM-Pawan and Kelkar were transplanted at 50 × 50 cm plant spacing in the experimental field of Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Center Purara, Uttarakhand, in October 2007. Plants were irrigated immediately after transplanting and further crops were raised following the normal agricultural practices needed to grow the plant. The experimental site is located between the coordinates 28° 60′ and 31° 29′ N, 77° 49′ and 80° 60 m E, and at an altitude of 1250 m in the Kattyur valley. Climatologically, it is categorized as a sub-temperate (1200-1700 m) zone, where monsoon usually breaks in June and continues up to September. Sampling of the rose-scented geranium cultivars was started from March 2008 and taken on the tenth of every month until February 2009. Samples were collected in triplicate in each season. (A, cv. Bourbon type; B, cv. CIM-Pawan; C, cv. Kelkar; I, spring season; II, summer season; III, rainy season;IV, autumn season; V, winter season).
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          Factor Function
The major components in the essential oil of cv. Bourbon type were geraniol (14.1-34.6%), citronellol (15.2-31.3%), linalool (2.9-9.2%), citronellyl formate (4.4-9.2%), isomenthone (4.5-6.6%), 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol (4.7-6.7%) and geranyl formate (3.8-6.2%). The dominant constituents of the cv. CIM-Pawan essential oil were geraniol (11.9-31.9%), citronellol (16.1-30.2%), citronellyl formate (5.2-8.9%), linalool (3.7-6.4%), isomenthone (4.0-6.3%), 10-epi-gamma-eudesmol (4.4-5.2%) and geranyl formate (4.3-5.0%). However, the chemical composition and odor of cv. Kelkar was quite different from the other two cultivars and the major components found in this oil were citronellol (51.0-63.4%) and isomenthone (9.8-17.8%).
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            (+)-Guaia-6,9-Diene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %
            (2S,4R)-4-Methyl-2-(2-Methylprop-1-En-1-Yl)Tetrahydro-2H-Pyran [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.9 %
            (E)-Beta-Ocimene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.1 %
            (Z)-Beta-Ocimene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
            10-Epi-Gamma-Eudesmol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            2-[(2R,5S)-5-Ethenyl-5-Methyloxolan-2-Yl]Propan-2-Ol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
            Alpha-Pinene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
            Citral [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
            Citronellol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 51 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 59.7 %
            Citronellyl Acetate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.6 %
            Citronellyl Butyrate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.3 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
            Citronellyl Formate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.9 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.6 %
            Eucalyptol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            Geraniol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.2 %
            Geranyl Tiglate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
            Isomenthone [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 17.8 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 11.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 10.7 %
            Limonene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
            Linalool [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
            Menthone [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.4 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.3 %
            Myrcene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: <0.05 %
            Nerol [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
            P-Cymene [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.5 %
            Phenethyl Tiglate [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.6 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1.5 %
            Trans-Linalool Oxide [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 2.3 %
            Trans-Rose Oxide [1]
               Factor Link Part Location NP Content
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: rainy season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.7 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: autumn season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 1 %
 
Pelargonium graveolens cv. Kelkar: (Harvesting time: winter season)
   NP Info    Fresh herb Iran
NP Content: 0.8 %

References
1 Essential oil composition of Pelargonium graveolens L'Her ex Ait. cultivars harvested in different seasons